On-Demand Pharmaceuticals Printing at Battlefield

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It can often take weeks to months to manufacture and airlift organic pharmaceuticals and protein therapeutics to battlefield frontlines, meaning that critical medical supplies often do not arrive in time where they are needed most.

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored how dependent the United States has become on foreign companies to supply various drugs and their components, called active pharmaceutical ingredients, or APIs. 

An idea born of battlefield need — print-on-demand pharmaceuticals — may ultimately help ease COVID-era concerns about foreign supply chains. 

The US Defense Department announced a $20 million contract to On Demand Pharmaceuticals (ODP), to further develop machines that can produce drugs at the point of care. The company’s miniature drug factories are built on research first funded in 2016 by the Battlefield Medicine project of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. DARPA’s goal was to create a drug-making machine that could be shipped to harsh environments and mix medicines on demand for a wide variety of illnesses or conditions. 

ODP’s device uses continuous flow chemistry to combine ingredients in a special tube or pipe, reducing the time and space needed for the multiple steps of traditional batch production. A process called continuous bioprocessing does something similar for biologics such as antibody therapeutics. ODP’s device can make both types of medicines.

“Critical APIs and their starting materials have long been sourced from overseas, and the collaboration with ODP is expected to increase the onshore production of three critical APIs that ultimately form the building blocks for final formulated medicines used to treat critically ill U.S. service members and COVID-19 patients,” notes a DoD statement, according to defenseone.com.