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Solar energy continues to grow as a prominent energy source. However, the manufacturing process for solar panels—particularly those made with traditional silicon—remains costly and energy-intensive. While silicon has been the go-to material for solar cells, researchers have long been searching for a more efficient, affordable alternative to make solar energy more accessible and sustainable.
A promising solution has emerged from a team at Georgia Institute of Technology’s School of Materials Science and Engineering. The team has been investigating perovskite crystals as a viable replacement for silicon in solar cells. These crystals, composed of iodine atoms, lead, and organic elements, offer impressive performance that rivals silicon, and they could be produced using less expensive equipment, according to the press release.
However, perovskite solar cells have one significant disadvantage: their lifespan. While silicon cells can last up to 20 years, perovskite cells degrade quickly, often breaking down after just a year. The material is also sensitive to high temperatures, which limits its effectiveness in hot climates.
To overcome this challenge, the research team has developed a new stabilization method that could extend the life of perovskite solar cells. The team has utilized a technique called vapor-phase infiltration, which introduces titanium gas into the perovskite layer in a light vacuum, while placing the perovskite between a negative and positive electrode. This process strengthens the layer, enhancing the cells’ resistance to heat and preventing premature degradation. The new technology is currently undergoing patent review.
This breakthrough in solar cell technology could significantly transform the industry. By improving the durability of perovskite cells, the stabilization technique makes them more viable for long-term use and large-scale production. This could help accelerate the shift towards renewable energy in the U.S., offering a more cost-effective and sustainable solution for solar power across various sectors.
The innovation not only promises to boost solar energy adoption but also supports the broader goal of reducing reliance on traditional, polluting energy sources.
